Mastering Ethereum Glossary in 51 points

Photo by Zoltan Tasi on UnsplashAccount : contract account or an externally owned account (EOA)Address : 160 bits of a Keccak hash of an ECDSA public keyAssert : In Solidity, assert(false) compiles to 0xfe, an invalid opcode, which uses up all remaining gas and reverts all changes. When an assert() statement fails, something very wrong and unexpected is happeningBIPs : Bitcoin Improvement ProposalsBytecode : numeric format abstract instruction set designed for efficient execution by EVMcompiling: from high level programming language (solidity) to lower level language (EVM bytecode)consensus: most nodes on the network have same blocks in locally validated blockchainconsensus rule: block validation rules that full nodes follow to stay in consensus with other nodes.contract account: account containing code that executes whenever it receives a transaction from another accountcontract creation transaction: zero address , no recipient, use to register contract on ETH blockchainDAO : decentralized autonomous organization : operated without hierarchical managementDApp: decentralized application , smart contract + web user interface, webApp ontop of DAODeed : non-fungible token (NFT) , introduced by ERC721, tracked and traded, not interchangeable like ERC20 token, represent ownership of digital or physical assetsECDSA: elliptic curve digital signature algorithm, used by ETH to ensure owner can only spend fundsEIP : ERC, Ethereum improvement proposalENS: Ethereum name serviceEntropy: algorithms generate private key randomness using high entropyEOA: all external account created by for humanEvent: EVM logging, DApps listen for events and trigger JS callbacks in web user interfaceEVM: ETH virtual machine, stack based , execute bytecode, give bytecode instruction to alter ETH system stateEVM assembly language: human- readable form of EVM bytecodeFallback function: default function in absence of declared function name or datafinney: 1 ether = 10³ finney | 1 finney = 10¹⁵weiFork: protocol change, cause alternative chain creation, divert in two block path during miningETH Frontier: initial test dev stage of ETH, July 2015 to March 2016Ganache: personal ETH blockchain, use to run tests, execute commands, inspect state, control how chain operatesGas: virtual fuel to execute smart contract in ETH blockchainGenesis block: first block in blockchainGeth : Go Ethereum, written in GoHash: variable size input but fixed length fingerprint outputICAP ; inter-exchange client address protocol , similar to IBAN of traditional bank accountimmutable : can not change once contract deployedKeccak-256 : cryptographic has function used in ETH like SHA-3Library: no payable function, no fallback function, no data storage, can’t receive or hold or store data, other contracts can call for read only computation.Mist; first ETH browserNode: software client participates in the NetworkNonce: can only be used onceommer: uncle, child block of an ancestor, but not itself an ancestor, orphaned blocks in ETH included in newer blockProof of stake (PoS) : user prove ownership of a certain amount of cryptocurrency to be able to participate in validation of transactionsProof of work (PoW): piece of data requires significant computation to find, miners must find a numeric solution to ethash algorithmReceipt: data returned by Eth client, represent result of transaction, hash of transaction, block number, gas used, address of smart contractRe-entrancy attack: attacker contract call victim contract in such a way that during execution victim contract calls the attacker contract again recursively skipping parts of victim contract that update balance or count withdrawal amount result theft of fundsserpent & Vyper: smart contract programming language syntax similar to pythonsingleton: single instance can existsolidity: programming language used for blockchain smart contract by Dr. Gavin woodswarm: p2p storage networkSzabo: 1 ether = 10⁶ szabo | 1 szabo = 10¹² weiTruffle: most commonly used ETH development frameworkVitalik Buterin: Russian-candian programmer , cofounder of ETH and Bitcoin Magazinewei : 1 ether = 10¹⁸wei , smallest denomination of etherweb3: The third version of the web, proposed by Dr. Gavin Wood, represents a new vision and focus for webApp, from centrally owned and managed TO decentralized protocols.

Copyright: “Mastering Ethereum by Andreas M. Antonopoulos and Dr. Gavin Wood (O’Reilly). Copyright 2019 The Ethereum Book LLC and Gavin Wood, 978–1–491–97194–9.”
https://github.com/ethereumbook/ethereumbook/blob/develop/preface.asciidoc

Follow on twitter: https://twitter.com/BgxDoc

Twitter Thread Link: https://twitter.com/BgxDoc/status/1620696745897521152?s=20&t=zhQB2gPKGLQDJp2Jz9EX0w