Gssapi-Abuse - A Tool For Enumerating Potential Hosts That Are Open To GSSAPI Abuse Within Active Directory Networks

gssapi-abuse was released as part of my DEF CON 31 talk. A full write up on the abuse vector can be found here: A Broken Marriage: Abusing Mixed Vendor Kerberos Stacks

The tool has two features. The first is the ability to enumerate non Windows hosts that are joined to Active Directory that offer GSSAPI authentication over SSH.

The second feature is the ability to perform dynamic DNS updates for GSSAPI abusable hosts that do not have the correct forward and/or reverse lookup DNS entries. GSSAPI based authentication is strict when it comes to matching service principals, therefore DNS entries should match the service principal name both by hostname and IP address.

Prerequisites

gssapi-abuse requires a working krb5 stack along with a correctly configured krb5.conf.

Windows

On Windows hosts, the MIT Kerberos software should be installed in addition to the python modules listed in requirements.txt, this can be obtained at the MIT Kerberos Distribution Page. Windows krb5.conf can be found at C:\ProgramData\MIT\Kerberos5\krb5.conf

Linux

The libkrb5-dev package needs to be installed prior to installing python requirements

All

Once the requirements are satisfied, you can install the python dependencies via pip/pip3 tool

Enumeration Mode

The enumeration mode will connect to Active Directory and perform an LDAP search for all computers that do not have the word Windows within the Operating System attribute.

Once the list of non Windows machines has been obtained, gssapi-abuse will then attempt to connect to each host over SSH and determine if GSSAPI based authentication is permitted.

Example

DNS Mode

DNS mode utilises Kerberos and dnspython to perform an authenticated DNS update over port 53 using the DNS-TSIG protocol. Currently dns mode relies on a working krb5 configuration with a valid TGT or DNS service ticket targetting a specific domain controller, e.g. DNS/dc1.victim.local.

Examples

Adding a DNS A record for host ahost.ad.ginge.com

Adding a reverse PTR record for host ahost.ad.ginge.com. Notice that the data argument is terminated with a ., this is important or the record becomes a relative record to the zone, which we do not want. We also need to specify the target zone to update, since PTR records are stored in different zones to A records.

Forward and reverse DNS lookup results after execution